Saturday, June 29, 2013

చెస్టర్‌ఫీల్డ్ సలహాలు - COMMON-PLACE OBSERVATIONS


COMMON-PLACE OBSERVATIONS




     NEVER use, believe, or approve common-place observations. They are the common topics of witlings and coxcombs: those who really have wit have the utmost contempt for them, and scorn even to laugh at the pert things that those would-be wits say upon such subjects.


RELIGION


     RELIGION is one of their favorite topics: it is all priest-craft, and an invention contrived and carried on by priests of all religions, for their own power and profit. From this absurd and false principle flow the common-place insipid jokes and insults upon the clergy. With these people, every priest, of every religion, is either a public or a concealed unbeliever, drunkard, and whoremaster; whereas, I conceive, that priests are extremely like other men, and neither the better nor the worse for wearing a gown or a surplice; but, if they are different from other people, probably it is rather on the side of religion and morality, or, at least, decency, from their education and manner of life.


MATRIMONY


     ANOTHER common topic for false wit and cold raillery is matrimony. Every man and his wife hate each other cordially, whatever they may pretend, in public, to the contrary. The husband certainly wishes his wife at the devil, and the wife certainly cuckolds her husband. Whereas I presume that men and their wives neither love nor hate each other the more, upon account of the form of matrimony which has been said over them. The cohabitation, indeed, which is the consequence of matrimony, makes them either love or hate more, accordingly as they respectively deserve it; but that would be exactly the same between any man and woman who lived together without being married.


COURTS AND COTTAGES


     IT is also a trite, common-place observation, that courts are the seats of falsehood and dissimulation. That, like many, I might say most, common-place observations, is false. Falsehood and dissimulation are certainly to be found at courts; but where are they not to be found? Cottages have them as well as courts, only with worse manners. A couple of neighboring farmers in a village will contrive and practice as many tricks to over-reach each other at the next market, or to supplant each other in the favor of the ’squire, as any two courtiers can do to supplant each other in the favor of their prince. Whatever poets may write, or fools believe, of rural innocence and truth, and of the perfidy of courts, this is undoubtedly true,—that shepherds and ministers are both men; their nature and passions the same, the modes of them only different.

     These and many other common-place reflections upon nations or professions, in general, (which are at least as often false as true,) are the poor refuge of people who have neither wit nor invention of their own, but endeavor to shine in company by second-hand finery. I always put these pert jackanapes out of countenance, by looking extremely grave when they expect that I should laugh at their pleasantries; and by saying, WELL, AND SO, as if they had not done, and that the sting were still to come. This disconcerts them; as they have no resources in themselves, and have but one set of jokes to live upon. Men of parts are not reduced to these shifts, and have the utmost contempt for them: they find proper subjects enough for either useful or lively conversations: they can be witty without satire or common-place, and serious without being dull.




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